In informatica, l'acronimo inglese CAD viene usato per indicare due concetti correlati ma differenti:
Computer-Aided Drafting, cioè disegno tecnico assistito dall'elaboratore
in tale accezione indica il settore dell'informatica volto all'utilizzo di tecnologie software e specificamente della computer grafica per supportare l'attività di disegno tecnico (drafting). I sistemi di Computer Aided Drafting hanno come obiettivo la creazione di un modello, tipicamente 2D, del disegno tecnico che descrive il manufatto, non del manufatto stesso. Ad esempio, un sistema Computer Aided Drafting può essere impiegato da un progettista nella creazione di una serie di disegni tecnici (in proiezione ortogonale, in sezione, in assonometria, in esploso) finalizzati alla costruzione di un motore;
Computer-Aided Design, cioè progettazione assistita dall'elaboratore
in questa accezione, la più comune, CAD indica il settore dell'informatica volto all'utilizzo di tecnologie software e in particolare della computer grafica per supportare l'attività di progettazione (design) di manufatti sia virtuale che reali. I sistemi di Computer Aided Design hanno come obiettivo la creazione di modelli, soprattutto 3D, del manufatto. Ad esempio, un sistema Computer Aided Design può essere impiegato da un progettista meccanico nella creazione di un modello 3D di un motore. Se viene realizzato un modello 3D, esso può essere utilizzato per calcoli quali analisi statiche, dinamiche e strutturali ed in tal caso si parla di Computer Aided Engineering (CAE), disciplina più vasta di cui il CAD costituisce il sottoinsieme di azioni e strumenti volti alla realizzazione puramente geometrica del modello.
Software CAD gratuiti:
- Archimedes
- BRL-CAD
- Draftsight
- FreeCAD
- KiCad per disegno di schemi elettrici e circuiti stampati
- PythonCAD
- PROCAD, script Python per Blender
- Open CASCADE
- QCad
- Varkon
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